Handing on the Faith: Catechesis nn. Deut 8:3. 1340 By celebrating the Last Supper with his apostles in the course of the Passover meal, Jesus gave the Jewish Passover its definitive meaning. CIC, can. "202 "This presence is called 'real' - by which is not intended to exclude the other types of presence as if they could not be 'real' too, but because it is presence in the fullest sense: that is to say, it is a substantial presence by which Christ, God and man, makes himself wholly and entirely present."203. According to Catholic faith, we can speak of the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist because this transubstantiation has occurred (cf. . 1419 Having passed from this world to the Father, Christ gives us in the Eucharist the pledge of glory with him. "215 The liturgy expresses this unity of sacrifice and communion in many prayers. Mt 8:8. . "225 This is the usual form of receiving communion in the Eastern rites. 166 Lk 22:7-20; Cf. The three synoptic Gospels and St. Paul have handed on to us the account of the institution of the Eucharist; St. John, for his part, reports the words of Jesus in the synagogue of Capernaum that prepare for the institution of the Eucharist: Christ calls himself the bread of life, come down from heaven. haeres. If we proclaim the Lord's death, we proclaim the forgiveness of sins. . 20,2:SCh 10,76. Like baptism or confession, the Eucharist is a sacrament—an outward expression of an inward reception of grace. The terms holy sacrifice of the Mass, "sacrifice of praise," spiritual sacrifice, pure and holy sacrifice are also used,150 since it completes and surpasses all the sacrifices of the Old Covenant. 230 St. Ambrose, De Sacr. When Jesus instituted the Eucharist, he gave a new and definitive meaning to the blessing of the bread and the cup. The signs of bread and wine become, in a way surpassing understanding, the Body and Blood of Christ; they continue also to signify the goodness of creation. 1392 What material food produces in our bodily life, Holy Communion wonderfully achieves in our spiritual life. 4,2,7:PL 16,437D. 1387 To prepare for worthy reception of this sacrament, the faithful should observe the fast required in their Church.220 Bodily demeanor (gestures, clothing) ought to convey the respect, solemnity, and joy of this moment when Christ becomes our guest. . 1393 Holy Communion separates us from sin. ; Mk 14:22 ff. But the celebration of the Eucharistic sacrifice is wholly directed toward the intimate union of the faithful with Christ through communion. The Eucharist (1322-1419) Source and Summit of Church Life; The History of Salvation; According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, “The Eucharist is “the source and summit of the Christian life” (CCC 1324). 146 Cf. 162 Jn 6:68. VI. …, God The Aim and Intended Readership of the Catechism "201 In the most blessed sacrament of the Eucharist "the body and blood, together with the soul and divinity, of our Lord Jesus Christ and, therefore, the whole Christ is truly, really, and substantially contained. In the preface, the Church gives thanks to the Father, through Christ, in the Holy Spirit, for all his works: creation, redemption, and sanctification. When it comes to the Eucharist, the Church teaches that after consecration the substance of the bread and wine—what these objects are at their metaphysical core—changes and becomes the body and blood of Christ. He is high priest of the New Covenant; it is he himself who presides invisibly over every Eucharistic celebration. . 960 The Church is a "communion of saints": this expression refers first to the "holy things" (sancta), above all the Eucharist, by which "the unity of believers, who form one body in Christ, is both represented and brought about" (LG 3). 1391 Holy Communion augments our union with Christ. - the presence of Christ by the power of his word and of his Spirit. And likewise the cup after supper, saying, "This cup which is poured out for you is the New Covenant in my blood.". 1383 The altar, around which the Church is gathered in the celebration of the Eucharist, represents the two aspects of the same mystery: the altar of the sacrifice and the table of the Lord. "186, 1365 Because it is the memorial of Christ's Passover, the Eucharist is also a sacrifice. 241 Cf. To prepare for worthy reception of this sacrament, the faithful should observe the fast required in their Church. 1418 Because Christ himself is present in the sacrament of the altar, he is to be honored with the worship of adoration. 1411 Only validly ordained priests can preside at the Eucharist and consecrate the bread and the wine so that they become the Body and Blood of the Lord. . 1385 To respond to this invitation we must prepare ourselves for so great and so holy a moment. THE SACRAMENT OF THE EUCHARIST. 1407 The Eucharist is the heart and the summit of the Church's life, for in it Christ associates his Church and all her members with his sacrifice of praise and thanksgiving offered once and for all on the cross to his Father; by this sacrifice he pours out the graces of salvation on his body, which is the Church. . Lk 22:18; Mk 14:25. Let a man examine himself, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. 1368 The Eucharist is also the sacrifice of the Church. Indeed, the Lord said: "He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood abides in me, and I in him. If, as often as his blood is poured out, it is poured for the forgiveness of sins, I should always receive it, so that it may always forgive my sins. 211 John Paul II, Dominicae cenae, 3. 173 Cf. 1379 The tabernacle was first intended for the reservation of the Eucharist in a worthy place so that it could be brought to the sick and those absent outside of Mass. Communion renews, strengthens, and deepens this incorporation into the Church, already achieved by Baptism. This word transforms the things offered.204 1339 Jesus chose the time of Passover to fulfill what he had announced at Capernaum: giving his disciples his Body and his Blood: However, his presence is veiled. On the day we call the day of the sun, all who dwell in the city or country gather in the same place. Lk 22:19; 1 Cor 11:24. …, God did not reveal his plan of the ages all at once. 1334 In the Old Covenant bread and wine were offered in sacrifice among the first fruits of the earth as a sign of grateful acknowledgment to the Creator. Then someone brings bread and a cup of water and wine mixed together to him who presides over the brethren. . "187 In the Eucharist Christ gives us the very body which he gave up for us on the cross, the very blood which he "poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins."188. . The power of the blessing prevails over that of nature, because by the blessing nature itself is changed. "135 1350 The presentation of the offerings (the Offertory). 229 PO 5. 1365 Because it is the memorial of Christ's Passover, the Eucharist is also a sacrifice. 1378 Worship of the Eucharist. Walking with them he explained the Scriptures to them; sitting with them at table "he took bread, blessed and broke it, and gave it to them. 193 Council of Trent (1562): DS 1743. The signs of bread and wine 219 Roman Missal, response to the invitation to communion; cf. 844 § 3. . This is how Israel understands its liberation from Egypt: every time Passover is celebrated, the Exodus events are made present to the memory of believers so that they may conform their lives to them. Do this in remembrance of me." But like the good thief I cry, "Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom.". ." "223 CIC, can. Each name evokes certain aspects of it. It raises the Eucharist above all the sacraments as "the perfection of the spiritual life and the end to which all the sacraments tend. 1409 The Eucharist is the memorial of Christ's Passover, that is, of the work of salvation accomplished by the life, death, and resurrection of Christ, a work made present by the liturgical action. . They present the Church’s teachings contained in this unit. And just as the lamb of the old Passover was consumed, Christ, the new Passover lamb, must also be consumed. "206 . . They unanimously agreed that the Eucharist represented in a physical and real way the body and blood of Christ Moreover, it was common in Church history for doctrines to be officially defined (and terms to be created for those definitions) only when heresy had to be combated. 203 Paul VI, MF 39. Question 292 in the Compendium of the Catechism describes these fruits… Holy Communion increases our union with Christ and with his Church. 1388 It is in keeping with the very meaning of the Eucharist that the faithful, if they have the required dispositions,221 receive communion when they participate in the Mass.222 As the Second Vatican Council says: "That more perfect form of participation in the Mass whereby the faithful, after the priest's communion, receive the Lord's Body from the same sacrifice, is warmly recommended. 1 Cor 11:26. "For what is the altar of Christ if not the image of the Body of Christ? 224 OE 15; CIC, can. Jesus awaits us in this sacrament of love. 231 Cf. 1, 65-67:PG 6,428-429; the text before the asterisk (*) is from chap. St. Justin wrote to the pagan emperor Antoninus Pius (138-161) around the year 155, explaining what Christians did: ." myst. Other critics of this doctrine object that the term transubstantiation is found neither in the Bible nor in the writings of the Church Fathers for the first thousand years of the Church’s history. The community intercedes also for all ministers who, for it and with it, offer the Eucharistic sacrifice: Through the ministry of priests the spiritual sacrifice of the faithful is completed in union with the sacrifice of Christ the only Mediator, which in the Eucharist is offered through the priests' hands in the name of the whole Church in an unbloody and sacramental manner until the Lord himself comes.192. Let our adoration never cease. IV. Let us not refuse the time to go to meet him in adoration, in contemplation full of faith, and open to making amends for the serious offenses and crimes of the world. 222 Cf. Faithful to the Lord's command the Church continues to do, in his memory and until his glorious return, what he did on the eve of his Passion: "He took bread. Pontificia Commissio Codici luris Canonici Authentice Intrepretando, Responsa ad proposita dubia, 1:AAS 76 (1984) 746]. . - the sacrificial memorial of Christ and his Body; 4,18,5:PG 7/l,1028. 141 Cf. We entreat you, almighty God, that by the hands of your holy Angel this offering may be borne to your altar in heaven in the sight of your divine majesty, so that as we receive in communion at this altar the most holy Body and Blood of your Son, we may be filled with every heavenly blessing and grace.216 - thanksgiving and praise to the Father; 148 Cf. St. Justin wrote to the pagan emperor Antoninus Pius (138-161) around the year 155, explaining what Christians did: The memoirs of the apostles and the writings of the prophets are read, as much as time permits. To receive communion is to receive Christ himself who has offered himself for us. The more we share the life of Christ and progress in his friendship, the more difficult it is to break away from him by mortal sin. 22,19:PG 72,912; cf. For pastoral reasons this manner of receiving communion has been legitimately established as the most common form in the Latin rite. THE SACRAMENTS OF CHRISTIAN INITIATION. Lk 24:13-35. I simply ask you to remember me at the Lord's altar wherever you are.194 Paul VI, MF 18. And he said to them, "I have earnestly desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer; for I tell you I shall not eat it again until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.". 157 1 Cor 10:16. Therefore we celebrate the Eucharist "awaiting the blessed hope and the coming of our Savior, Jesus Christ,"246 asking "to share in your glory when every tear will be wiped away. Each name evokes certain aspects of it. Heb 7:25-27. The tabernacle was first intended for the reservation of the Eucharist in a worthy place so that it could be brought to the sick and those absent outside of Mass. 217 Jn 6:53. 245 Didache 10,6:SCh 248,180. After the homily, which is an exhortation to accept this Word as what it truly is, the Word of God,175 and to put it into practice, come the intercessions for all men, according to the Apostle's words: "I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all men, for kings, and all who are in high positions. 201 St. Thomas Aquinas, STh III,73,3c. 207 Cf. 1358 We must therefore consider the Eucharist as: "200, 1374 The mode of Christ's presence under the Eucharistic species is unique. The sacrificial memorial of Christ and of his Body, the Church "174 eucharistia, thanksgiving). 26,13:PL 35,1613; cf. © Catholic Answers, Inc. When the reader has finished, he who presides over those gathered admonishes and challenges them to imitate these beautiful things. Thus the Roman Church prays in its anaphora: This is the cup of my blood. But "the sign of communion is more complete when given under both kinds, since in that form the sign of the Eucharistic meal appears more clearly. 145 Cf. 1335 The miracles of the multiplication of the loaves, when the Lord says the blessing, breaks and distributes the loaves through his disciples to feed the multitude, prefigure the superabundance of this unique bread of his Eucharist.158 The sign of water turned into wine at Cana already announces the Hour of Jesus' glorification. Because this bread and wine have been made Eucharist ("eucharisted," according to an ancient expression), "we call this food Eucharist, and no one may take part in it unless he believes that what we teach is true, has received baptism for the forgiveness of sins and new birth, and lives in keeping with what Christ taught. . "225 This is the usual form of receiving communion in the Eastern rites. 234 1 Cor 10:16-17. "237 The more painful the experience of the divisions in the Church which break the common participation in the table of the Lord, the more urgent are our prayers to the Lord that the time of complete unity among all who believe in him may return. 1368 The Eucharist is also the sacrifice of the Church. "These Churches, although separated from us, yet possess true sacraments, above all - by apostolic succession - the priesthood and the Eucharist, whereby they are still joined to us in closest intimacy." This item: Little Catechism on the Eucharist by Fr. 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